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Wednesday, July 30, 2014

World Bank Turns Its Back on Rights Protections for the Poor Global civil society response gathers momentum

World Bank Turns Its Back on Rights Protections for the Poor
Global civil society response gathers momentum
(Hindi Press release pasted below and NAPM's letter to Indian ED attached)

(New York, London, New Delhi, July 29, 2014) - Civil society organisations around the world are decrying a leaked draft of the World Bank’s proposed new policies to avoid harmful impacts from the development projects that it finances. Despite earlier commitments by Bank President Jim Yong Kim that the policies would not be diluted and that safeguards on land rights would be strengthened, the proposed changes havegutted essential requirements that arenecessary to prevent displacement, impoverishment, and environmental damage.  The draft policies are up for discussion by the Bank’s board on July 30 ahead of public consultations.
“This draft effectively winds back the clock to the 1970s, before the Bank had binding policies in place to protect the poor and the environment. We see nothing more than a naked attempt by the Bank to shield itself from accountability for the destructive impacts of themega-projects it is planning.” said Madhuresh Kumar, National Organizer of the National Alliance of People’s Movements in India.

Most shockingly, the draft policiesprovide an opt-out option for governments that do not wish to provide essential land and natural resource rights protections to Indigenous Peoples.

JojiCarino, Director of the Forest Peoples Programme, said “we have engaged with social and environmental safeguard development with the World Bank for over twenty years and have never seen a proposal with potential for such widespread negative impacts for indigenous peoples around the world. The proposed ‘opt-out’ for protections for indigenous peoples, in particular, would undermine existing international human rights law and the significant advances seen in respect for indigenous peoples rights in national laws.”

The draft also weakens protections for people who will be evicted from their homes, land and livelihoods, increasing the risk that Bank-financed projects will impoverish people, exacerbate inequality and cause human rights violations.The proposal scraps critical rules that have been in place for thirty years requiring the Bank to take concerted measures to avoid and minimise displacement and for resettlement action plans capable of restoring the livelihoods of the displaced to be in place before committing funds to projects.It provides multiple opportunities for borrower governments, or even private “intermediary” banks, to use their own standards for impact assessment, compensation and resettlement, without clear criteria on when and how this would be acceptable.

Theodore Downing, President of the International Network on Displacement and Resettlement, a 14-year old network of involuntary resettlement professionals, said “the proposed changes eviscerate existing international standards - knowingly placing millions of people at risks of impoverishment.” 

“The Bankis trying to exonerate itself from all responsibility for the devastating effects of the displacement it finances, while giving private equity funds to some of the world’s most abusive governments unfettered discretion to uproot the poor as they fit,” saidDavid Pred, Managing Director of Inclusive Development International.

Land titling projectsare exempted from the coverage ofthe draft resettlement policy. This will leave affected communities completely unprotected from forced eviction by their government, as happened in the case ofCambodia’s BoeungKak Lake community whose homes were demolished after they were deemed not to have ownership rights under a Bank-titling project.

“If this policy is adopted, many communities around the world will be forcibly evicted like mine was, and they will not be able to seek any recourse from the Bank,” said TepVanny, a community leader from BoeungKak Lake. After filing a complaint with the World Bank’s Inspection Panel about the controversial project, TepVanny and local organisations finally secured title for hundreds of families that were previously threatened with eviction. With the proposed changes to the Bank’s policy, that would not have been possible.

Despite the growing land-grabbing crisis displacing countless indigenous communities, small farmers, fisher-folkand pastoralists throughout the global south,the draft policy fails to incorporate any serious protectionsto preventBank funds from supporting land-grabs. 

“In Ethiopia, World Bank funds have been used to facilitate one the world’s biggest land grabs, with the indigenous populations of entire regions being uprooted to make way for agro-industrial investments.We had hoped that the new safeguards would include strong requirements to prevent governments like Ethiopia from abusing its people with Bank funds, but we are shocked to see the Bank instead opening the flood-gates for more abuses,” said ObangMetho, Executive Director of the Solidarity Movement for a New Ethiopia.

Not only is the current draft an unconscionable weakening, it is a complete misrepresentation of two years of consultations with civil society.The Bank's Board must not endorse this draft, and at a minimum must insist that these fundamental loopholes be addressed before the next round of consultations," said SasankaThilakasiri, Policy Advisor for Oxfam International.

97non-governmental organizations and civil society networks and 17 distinguished individualsfrom Asia-Pacific, Africa, Latin America, North America and Europe sent a statement to the World Bank’s Board yesterday, demanding that the draft be sent back to the drawing board and re-written with serious safeguards to respect and protect the land, housing and livelihood rights of the poor.The statement is available here.

For more information and press enquiries, please contact:
-          In New York, David Pred, Managing Director, Inclusive Development International (IDI), +1 917-280-2705 or david@inclusivedevelopment.net
-          In London, James Harvey, Communications Manager, Forest Peoples Programme(FPP), +44(0)1608 652893or james@forestpeoples.org
-          In Delhi, Madhuresh Kumar, National Alliance for People’s Movements (NAPM), +91 (0)9818905316 ornapmindia@gmail.com

नयी दिल्ली, जुलाई 29 2014 : वर्ल्ड बैंक के एक लीक हुए मसौदे (पर्यावरणीय एवं सामाजिक सुरक्षा नीति) ने बैंक की उन प्रस्तावित नीतियों को उजागर किया है जो गरीबों के हित और पर्यावरण को  न सिर्फ अनदेखा करती हैं  बल्कि उनके खिलाफ भी हैं, और सिर्फ एक जरिया हैं बैंक को अपने ही द्वारा फंडेड  प्रोजेक्टों से हो रहे विनाश की जिम्मेदारी  और जवाबदेही से बचने का. बैंक के प्रेसिडेंट जिम यांग किम द्वारा दिए गए आश्वासन, कि भूमि अधिकारों को मजबूत किया जाएगा, को झूठा दिखाते हुए, इस मसौदे ने उन सभी प्रयासों कि अवहेलना कि है जो पिछले २ सालों से सिविल सोसाइटी  एवं बैंक के बीच चल रहे थे ताकि बेहतर नीतियां बनायीं जा सके. इसके बजाय, ऐसी नीतियां और बदलाव प्रस्तावित किये हैं जो लोगों के भूमि अधिकार, रहने और घर के अधिकार और आजीविका को खतरे में डालेंगे. मालूम हो की पिछले वर्ष जुलाई के महीने में बैंक के द्वारा बुलाई गयी परामर्श मीटिंगों का दिल्ली, बैंगलोर और भुबनेश्वर तीनों जगहों पर विरोध किया गया था. 

दुर्भाग्यपूर्ण रूप से इस मसौदे में एक ' ऑप्ट आउट' विकल्प रखा गया है जो उन सरकारों के लिए है जो आदिवासियों और परंपरागत जातियों को सामुदायिक हक एवं भूमि और प्राकृतिक संसाधनो का अधिकार नहीं देना  नहीं देना चाहती. ऐसा करना विश्वव्यापी मानवाधिकार क़ानून का उल्लंघन होगा. 

विस्थापन के मुद्दे पर प्रस्तावित नीतिया एवं बदलाव और भी ज्यादा प्रतिगामी हैं. कोशिश यह की जा रही है वह सारे नियम और प्रतिबद्धता जो अब तक बैंक विस्थापन के मुद्दे पर लेता आया है, जैसे कि जब तक विस्थापन को रोकने या काम करने के लिए और पुनर्वास और आजीविका के लिए कदम नहीं लिए जाते तब तक बैंक प्रोजेक्ट को फण्ड नहीं करेगा, ऐसे सारे नियम को हटा दिया जाए. इसी प्रकार, फण्ड लेने वाली सरकारों या बैंकों को यह भी छूट देने कि बात कही गयी है कि जो अपने ही द्वारा निर्धारित मानकों से प्रभाव आकलन, मुआवजा और पुर्नवास तय करें. अब यह समझना कठिन नहीं है इन महत्वपूर्ण नियमों के बिना गरीब, छोटे किसानों, मछुवारों एवं अन्य लोगों कि जमीन और आजीविका का क्या होगा.

इसके अतिरिक्त, दुनिया भर में हड़पी जा रही जमीनों और उसके लिए प्रयोग हो रहे बैंक के फण्ड का न तो ज़िक्र है और न ही उसे रोकने के लिए को कदम लिया गया है इस मसौदे में. भारत में विश्व बैंक के द्वारा शुरू की गयी परियोजनों के अति दूरगामी परिणाम रहे हैं, जैसे सरदार सरोवर बाँध, सिंगरौली में ताप विद्युत् गृह आदि. आज भी इन सभी परियोजनों में लोगों को सही तरीके से पुनर्वासित नहीं किया गया है. 

जन-आन्दोलनों का राष्ट्रीय समन्वय ने गरीबों और पर्यावरण के लिए जरूरी नियमों और नीतियों को कमजोर करने कि इस कोशिश के खिलाफ कड़ा विरोध प्रदर्शित करते हुए बैंक  के भारतीय कार्यकारी निदेशक को लिखे गए पत्र ( संगलित है ) में, इस मसौदे के अंदर भूमि अधिग्रहण और विस्थापन के मुद्दे पर जो पहलु हैं, उन नीतियों को बदलने से रोकने की मांग की है. नापं ने मांग की है की इन नीतियों को यातःवत रहने दिया जाए बजाये इसे की और कमजोर किया जये. दो साल से यह प्रक्रिया चल रही है और बेहतर होगा अगर इन नीतियों को लोगों के हकों को सुरक्षित और मजबूत करने के लिए बदला जाए।  

Attached : Letter written by NAPM to Indian Executive Director at World Bank, Mr M N prasad

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