From the San Francisco Chronicle:
Next Arab Domino May Be Oil Darling Algeria: Reuel Marc Gerecht
Reuel Marc Gerecht, �2011 Bloomberg News
Read more: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/g/a/2011/10/21/bloomberg_articlesLTDXOT0YHQ0X.DTL#ixzz1bgK7jRij
Oct. 21 (Bloomberg) -- The death of Muammar Qaddafi is a cause for joy in Libya, and for concern. Some worry that the ruling National Transitional Council will force its way to permanent power; others that Islamist elements will seek to put the country under Shariah law; and there is also the danger of the nation splitting into three parts.
But there is another tremendous threat to Libya's progress waiting quietly next door. Algeria's military junta is terrified that a rebellious spirit may finally cross its borders. Ever since the Tunisian revolt dethroned President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Washington's foreign- policy establishment has paid little attention to Algeria, the lodestar of "the Arab West."
That's a mistake. With Qaddafi's fall and next week's elections in Tunisia, the odds are decent that the Great Arab Revolt will start to shake Algeria. The country is now surrounded by states in transition: Libya, Tunisia and Morocco, where the king just might be laying the groundwork for the Middle East's first real constitutional monarchy.
Algeria isn't a closed society. There are probably more Algerians living in the West than any other Arab nationality, and they usually remain in close contact with family and friends back home.
Prized Oil
Although oil and natural gas wealth hasn't enriched the common man, it has exposed the society -- especially the elite -- to globalization. Algerian oil, with its very low sulfur content, is highly prized in pollution-conscious Europe. The U.S. buys about 30 percent of Algeria's crude- oil exports, accounting for 3.6 percent of American petroleum imports last year. Algeria is the world's sixth- largest producer of natural gas, with most of its exports going to Europe.
A former colony of France and profoundly westernized, Algeria was the first major Arab state to flirt with democracy. The military dictatorship -- spiritually bankrupt, economically inept and violently challenged on the streets -- that had ruled the nation unchallenged since the mid-1960s, decided in 1989 to try elections. Yet after the triumph of the fundamentalist Islamic Salvation Front in local elections in 1990, the junta canceled the experiment. Civil war followed. In a savage duel between the regime and Islamist guerrillas, entire villages were wiped out.
So far, the lingering trauma of that bloodbath has helped save the regime from a new wave of Arab rebellion. But young men have bad memories -- and the Great Arab Revolt of 2011 has been the product of aspiring, deeply frustrated young men. Although the Algerian economy has improved since 1990, economic aspirations have far outstripped the government's ability to promote job growth.
On top of a corrupt socialist economy, the regime has built a masterpiece of crony capitalism. The dissident historian Mohammed Harbi, who once championed the rebellion against France and now lives in exile in Paris, put it succinctly: "The regime has nothing to offer for the long term. It is not interested in asking where Algeria and Algerians will be in twenty years."
Nothing really works in the country, except the oil and natural-gas industries, which fuel the police state. Hundreds of thousands have emigrated from the poverty, boredom and brutality of the security services.
In France and Belgium, expatriates have developed a pro-democracy virtual world on the Internet. Although deeply fearful of its powerful neighbor, Tunisia has developed a press that not only critiques its own embrace of democracy but also the resistance to popular government next door.
False Mandate
In the past 10 years, the Algerian regime has worked hard to create the illusion that it enjoys a popular mandate. Thousands of youthful demonstrators who briefly hit the streets after Tunisia and Egypt erupted revealed different sentiments.
If Algeria starts to rumble again, it will be because pro-democracy Algerian secularists detest the military dictatorship more than they fear Islamists. Indeed, in Tunisia and Egypt, Islamic parties have gained strength since the presidents-for-life fell. The wearing of veils has become much more common in Tunis, even in the wealthier neighborhoods.
The Algerian junta held firm in the 1990s partly because the non-Islamist middle and upper classes that detested the regime were repelled by the barbarism of the guerrillas. When jihadists started butchering women and children, the Islamic alternative became too frightful. (Also, the brutality of the government's forces -- the worst of them happily called themselves "les exterminateurs" -- inspired abject fear.) If the Tunisian and Egyptian elections bring Islamists to power and the sky doesn't fall, however, the odds of popular unrest in Algeria will shorten further.
The nature of Islamism has changed since 1990. Then, leading voices within the Islamic Salvation Front openly questioned the need for democracy since Shariah had all the answers. Today, while it may partly be duplicity at work, those Algerian voices have almost vanished. In Tunisia and Egypt, the big Islamist movements have embraced representative government -- younger members of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood are loudly pro-democracy.
Religious hierarchy in the Middle East is in an advanced state of decay. Established religious institutions got compromised because of their close association with dictatorships.
Driving Force
In Egypt, this has produced ardently pro-democratic young Islamists who challenge their elders from the "left" and hard-core fundamentalist splinter groups who challenge from the "right." This individualization of the Muslim identity -- "my opinion is just as good as yours" -- is something entirely new to Islam, and its deep penetration into the Middle East is a driving force behind the revolts.
In Algeria, we don't know where the successors of the Islamic Salvation Front stand, since discussions of man, God and the ballot box have been silenced by the regime. But the secular Arab middle class and the university- educated young throughout the region are no longer offering their unconditional support to secular dictators for fear of what Islamists might bring. The era of "Khomeini anxiety" -- dominated by a fear that revolution and democracy will lead to theocracy -- may be fading.
All this has Algeria's generals understandably nervous. If elections in Tunisia and Egypt empower Islamists, we can expect Algeria's leaders to clandestinely aid unrest in Libya, creating a chaotic buffer zone against the spread of popular government.
One thing is certain, if revolt comes to Algeria, anger at the U.S. will probably swell. Twenty years ago, France was still the omnipresent devil. In the popular imagination today, Washington has replaced Paris as the backer of tyranny.
In 2002, William Burns, an assistant secretary of state, remarked in Algiers that the U.S. "has much to learn from Algeria on ways to fight terrorism." This solicitation has continued under President Barack Obama. Last month, the State Department coordinator for counterterrorism, Daniel Benjamin, was in Algiers. At a counterterrorist conference hosted by the government, he saw an opportunity "for our officials to learn from the experiences of other allied countries, in particular our North African partners.
"Our bilateral cooperation with the Algerian government in the battle against terrorism is now stronger than it has ever been," he said, covering "issues of public diplomacy, economics, and military aid."
Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika has relentlessly used counterterrorism -- the battle against al-Qaeda -- to justify political repression and the severe abuse of human rights. With such careless public comments, American officials reinforce the regime, but deeply anger the citizenry.
Since 1990, Algeria has been a volcano waiting to explode again. The revolts in Libya and Tunisia have probably brought that day closer. The coming shock to energy markets and America's role in the region may not be small.
(Reuel Marc Gerecht, a former case officer in the Central Intelligence Agency, is a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. He is the author of "The Wave: Man, God, and the Ballot Box in the Middle East." The opinions expressed are his own.)
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/g/a/2011/10/21/bloomberg_articlesLTDXOT0YHQ0X.DTL
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मैं नास्तिक क्यों हूं# Necessity of Atheism#!Genetics Bharat Teertha
হে মোর চিত্ত, Prey for Humanity!
मनुस्मृति नस्ली राजकाज राजनीति में OBC Trump Card और जयभीम कामरेड
Gorkhaland again?আত্মঘাতী বাঙালি আবার বিভাজন বিপর্যয়ের মুখোমুখি!
हिंदुत्व की राजनीति का मुकाबला हिंदुत्व की राजनीति से नहीं किया जा सकता।
In conversation with Palash Biswas
Palash Biswas On Unique Identity No1.mpg
Save the Universities!
RSS might replace Gandhi with Ambedkar on currency notes!
जैसे जर्मनी में सिर्फ हिटलर को बोलने की आजादी थी,आज सिर्फ मंकी बातों की आजादी है।
#BEEFGATEঅন্ধকার বৃত্তান্তঃ হত্যার রাজনীতি
अलविदा पत्रकारिता,अब कोई प्रतिक्रिया नहीं! पलाश विश्वास
ভালোবাসার মুখ,প্রতিবাদের মুখ মন্দাক্রান্তার পাশে আছি,যে মেয়েটি আজও লিখতে পারছেঃ আমাক ধর্ষণ করবে?
Palash Biswas on BAMCEF UNIFICATION!
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALASH BISWAS ON NEPALI SENTIMENT, GORKHALAND, KUMAON AND GARHWAL ETC.and BAMCEF UNIFICATION!
Published on Mar 19, 2013
The Himalayan Voice
Cambridge, Massachusetts
United States of America
BAMCEF UNIFICATION CONFERENCE 7
Published on 10 Mar 2013
ALL INDIA BAMCEF UNIFICATION CONFERENCE HELD AT Dr.B. R. AMBEDKAR BHAVAN,DADAR,MUMBAI ON 2ND AND 3RD MARCH 2013. Mr.PALASH BISWAS (JOURNALIST -KOLKATA) DELIVERING HER SPEECH.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLL-n6MrcoM
http://youtu.be/oLL-n6MrcoM
Download Bengali Fonts to read Bengali
Imminent Massive earthquake in the Himalayas
Palash Biswas on Citizenship Amendment Act
Mr. PALASH BISWAS DELIVERING SPEECH AT BAMCEF PROGRAM AT NAGPUR ON 17 & 18 SEPTEMBER 2003
Sub:- CITIZENSHIP AMENDMENT ACT 2003
http://youtu.be/zGDfsLzxTXo
Tweet Please
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALASH BISWAS BLASTS INDIANS THAT CLAIM BUDDHA WAS BORN IN INDIA
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: INDIAN GOVERNMENT FOOD SECURITY PROGRAM RISKIER
http://youtu.be/NrcmNEjaN8c
The government of India has announced food security program ahead of elections in 2014. We discussed the issue with Palash Biswas in Kolkata today.
http://youtu.be/NrcmNEjaN8c
Ahead of Elections, India's Cabinet Approves Food Security Program
______________________________________________________
By JIM YARDLEY
http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/07/04/indias-cabinet-passes-food-security-law/
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALASH BISWAS TALKS AGAINST CASTEIST HEGEMONY IN SOUTH ASIA
THE HIMALAYAN VOICE: PALASH BISWAS DISCUSSES RAM MANDIR
Published on 10 Apr 2013
Palash Biswas spoke to us from Kolkota and shared his views on Visho Hindu Parashid's programme from tomorrow ( April 11, 2013) to build Ram Mandir in disputed Ayodhya.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=77cZuBunAGk
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALASH BISWAS LASHES OUT KATHMANDU INT'L 'MULVASI' CONFERENCE
अहिले भर्खर कोलकता भारतमा हामीले पलाश विश्वाससंग काठमाडौँमा आज भै रहेको अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय मूलवासी सम्मेलनको बारेमा कुराकानी गर्यौ । उहाले भन्नु भयो सो सम्मेलन 'नेपालको आदिवासी जनजातिहरुको आन्दोलनलाई कम्जोर बनाउने षडयन्त्र हो।'
http://youtu.be/j8GXlmSBbbk
THE HIMALAYAN DISASTER: TRANSNATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT MECHANISM A MUST
We talked with Palash Biswas, an editor for Indian Express in Kolkata today also. He urged that there must a transnational disaster management mechanism to avert such scale disaster in the Himalayas.
http://youtu.be/7IzWUpRECJM
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALASH BISWAS CRITICAL OF BAMCEF LEADERSHIP
[Palash Biswas, one of the BAMCEF leaders and editors for Indian Express spoke to us from Kolkata today and criticized BAMCEF leadership in New Delhi, which according to him, is messing up with Nepalese indigenous peoples also.
He also flayed MP Jay Narayan Prasad Nishad, who recently offered a Puja in his New Delhi home for Narendra Modi's victory in 2014.]
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALASH BISWAS CRITICIZES GOVT FOR WORLD`S BIGGEST BLACK OUT
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALASH BISWAS CRITICIZES GOVT FOR WORLD`S BIGGEST BLACK OUT
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALSH BISWAS FLAYS SOUTH ASIAN GOVERNM
Palash Biswas, lashed out those 1% people in the government in New Delhi for failure of delivery and creating hosts of problems everywhere in South Asia.
http://youtu.be/lD2_V7CB2Is
THE HIMALAYAN TALK: PALASH BISWAS LASHES OUT KATHMANDU INT'L 'MULVASI' CONFERENCE
अहिले भर्खर कोलकता भारतमा हामीले पलाश विश्वाससंग काठमाडौँमा आज भै रहेको अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय मूलवासी सम्मेलनको बारेमा कुराकानी गर्यौ । उहाले भन्नु भयो सो सम्मेलन 'नेपालको आदिवासी जनजातिहरुको आन्दोलनलाई कम्जोर बनाउने षडयन्त्र हो।'
http://youtu.be/j8GXlmSBbbk


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